Taller basado en el juego como estrategia pedagógica para la educación sexual en niños y niñas de 7 a 9 años.

Fortalecer los procesos que orientan la formación en educación sexual en los niños y niñas en edades de 7 a 9 años de dos instituciones educativas en el municipio de Soacha, a través del diseño y la implementación de talleres basados en el juego.Este documento da cuenta como en la actualidad aún es considerado inadecuado hablar de sexualidad desde la infancia, es por ello que se realizó un ejercicio de investigación en donde se busca fortalecer los procesos que se orientan a la hora de tratar el tema de educación sexual en las edades de 7 a 9 años, esto por medio de los talleres que se centran en el juego, en donde se evidencia la implementación de nuevas herramientas y estrategias pedagógicas. Es por eso que el proceso de investigación que se realizó retoma diferentes autores que fortalecen la importancia que tiene el juego durante la explicación de diferentes temas en la educación infantil, no solo refiriéndose a la educación sexual. Es allí en donde se evidencia que, mediante el juego orientado desde talleres, los infantes muestran gran interés acerca de los procesos de aprendizaje que permiten abordar estas temáticas, con el paso del tiempo se ha evidenciado cambios positivos frente a la participación tanto de estudiantes y padres de familia o cuidadores en estos espacios diferenciadores de la rutina académica. Es por ello que la implementación de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas frente a la educación sexual ha de hacer frente a diversos retos, por lo que es necesario una reorganización de los procesos de enseñanza- aprendizaje, en donde se sitúe un trabajo interactivo y colaborativo con niños, niñas y padres de familia o cuidadores, desde los talleres basados en el juego.This document shows that at present it is still considered inappropriate to speak of sexuality since childhood, that is why a research exercise was carried out in which it is sought to strengthen the processes that are oriented when dealing with the topic of sex education in the ages of 7 to 9 years, this by means of workshops that focus on the game, where the implementation of new pedagogical tools and strategies is evident. That is why the research process that was carried out takes up different authors that strengthen the importance of the game during the explanation of different topics in early childhood education, not only referring to sex education. It is there that it is evident that through the game oriented from workshops, the infants show great interest about the learning processes that allow to address these topics, With the passage of time, positive changes have been evidenced in the face of the participation of both students and parents or caregivers in these spaces that differentiate from the academic routine. That is why the implementation of new pedagogical strategies in the face of sex education has to face various challenges, so it is necessary a reorganization of the teaching processes learning, where interactive and collaborative work with children and parents or caregivers is located, from the workshops based on the game

Taller basado en el juego como estrategia pedagógica para la educación sexual en niños y niñas de 7 a 9 años.

Fortalecer los procesos que orientan la formación en educación sexual en los niños y niñas en edades de 7 a 9 años de dos instituciones educativas en el municipio de Soacha, a través del diseño y la implementación de talleres basados en el juego.Este documento da cuenta como en la actualidad aún es considerado inadecuado hablar de sexualidad desde la infancia, es por ello que se realizó un ejercicio de investigación en donde se busca fortalecer los procesos que se orientan a la hora de tratar el tema de educación sexual en las edades de 7 a 9 años, esto por medio de los talleres que se centran en el juego, en donde se evidencia la implementación de nuevas herramientas y estrategias pedagógicas. Es por eso que el proceso de investigación que se realizó retoma diferentes autores que fortalecen la importancia que tiene el juego durante la explicación de diferentes temas en la educación infantil, no solo refiriéndose a la educación sexual. Es allí en donde se evidencia que, mediante el juego orientado desde talleres, los infantes muestran gran interés acerca de los procesos de aprendizaje que permiten abordar estas temáticas, con el paso del tiempo se ha evidenciado cambios positivos frente a la participación tanto de estudiantes y padres de familia o cuidadores en estos espacios diferenciadores de la rutina académica. Es por ello que la implementación de nuevas estrategias pedagógicas frente a la educación sexual ha de hacer frente a diversos retos, por lo que es necesario una reorganización de los procesos de enseñanza- aprendizaje, en donde se sitúe un trabajo interactivo y colaborativo con niños, niñas y padres de familia o cuidadores, desde los talleres basados en el juego.This document shows that at present it is still considered inappropriate to speak of sexuality since childhood, that is why a research exercise was carried out in which it is sought to strengthen the processes that are oriented when dealing with the topic of sex education in the ages of 7 to 9 years, this by means of workshops that focus on the game, where the implementation of new pedagogical tools and strategies is evident. That is why the research process that was carried out takes up different authors that strengthen the importance of the game during the explanation of different topics in early childhood education, not only referring to sex education. It is there that it is evident that through the game oriented from workshops, the infants show great interest about the learning processes that allow to address these topics, With the passage of time, positive changes have been evidenced in the face of the participation of both students and parents or caregivers in these spaces that differentiate from the academic routine. That is why the implementation of new pedagogical strategies in the face of sex education has to face various challenges, so it is necessary a reorganization of the teaching processes learning, where interactive and collaborative work with children and parents or caregivers is located, from the workshops based on the game

Unconstrained estimation of HRV indices after removing respiratory influences from heart rate

Objective: This paper proposes an approach to better estimate the sympathovagal balance (SB) and the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) after separating respiratory influences from the heart rate (HR). Methods: The separation is performed using orthogonal subspace projections and the approach is first tested using simulated HR and respiratory signals with different spectral properties. Then, RSA and SB are estimated during autonomic blockade and stress using the proposed approach and the classical heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Both real and ECG-derived respiration (EDR) are used and the reliability of the EDR is evaluated. Results: Mean absolute percentage errors lower than 1% were obtained after removing previously known respiratory signals from simulated HR. The proposed indices were able to improve the quantification of SB during autonomic withdrawal. In the stress data, differences ( $p < 0.003 ) among relaxed and stressful phases were found with the proposed approach, using both the real respiration and the EDR, but they disappeared when using the classical HRV. Conclusion: A better assessment of the autonomic nervous system' response to pharmacological blockade and stress can be achieved after removing respiratory influences from HR, and this can be done using either the real respiration or the EDR. Significance: This work can be used to better identify vagal withdrawal and increased sympathetic activation when the classical HRV analysis fails due to the respiratory influences on HR. Furthermore, it can be computed using only the ECG, which is an advantage when developing wearable systems with limited number of sensors

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening by Joint Saturation Signal Analysis and PPG-derived Pulse Rate Oscillations

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a high-prevalence disease in the general population, often underdiagnosed. The gold standard in clinical practice for its diagnosis and severity assessment is the polysomnography, although in-home approaches have been proposed in recent years to overcome its limitations. Today's ubiquitously presence of wearables may become a powerful screening tool in the general population and pulse-oximetry-based techniques could be used for early OSA diagnosis. In this work, the peripheral oxygen saturation together with the pulse-to-pulse interval (PPI) series derived from photoplethysmography (PPG) are used as inputs for OSA diagnosis. Different models are trained to classify between normal and abnormal breathing segments (binary decision), and between normal, apneic and hypopneic segments (multiclass decision). The models obtained 86.27% and 73.07% accuracy for the binary and multiclass segment classification, respectively. A novel index, the cyclic variation of the heart rate index (CVHRI), derived from PPI's spectrum, is computed on the segments containing disturbed breathing, representing the frequency of the events. CVHRI showed strong Pearson's correlation (r) with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) both after binary (r=0.94, p < 0.001) and multiclass (r=0.91, p < 0.001) segment classification. In addition, CVHRI has been used to stratify subjects with AHI higher/lower than a threshold of 5 and 15, resulting in 77.27% and 79.55% accuracy, respectively. In conclusion, patient stratification based on the combination of oxygen saturation and PPI analysis, with the addition of CVHRI, is a suitable, wearable friendly and low-cost tool for OSA screening at home

Autonomic dysfunction increases cardiovascular risk in the presence of sleep apnea

The high prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) and its direct relationship with an augmented risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have raised SAS as a primary public health problem. For this reason, extensive research aiming to understand the interaction between both conditions has been conducted. The advances in non-invasive autonomic nervous system (ANS) monitoring through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis have revealed an increased sympathetic dominance in subjects suffering from SAS when compared with controls. Similarly, HRV analysis of subjects with CVD suggests altered autonomic activity. In this work, we investigated the altered autonomic control in subjects suffering from SAS and CVD simultaneously when compared with SAS patients, as well as the possibility that ANS assessment may be useful for the early stage identification of cardiovascular risk in subjects with SAS. The analysis was performed over 199 subjects from two independent datasets during night-time, and the effects of the physiological response following an apneic episode, sleep stages, and respiration on HRV were taken into account. Results, as measured by HRV, suggest a decreased sympathetic dominance in those subjects suffering from both conditions, as well as in subjects with SAS that will develop CVDs, which was reflected in a significantly reduced sympathovagal balance (p < 0.05). In this way, ANS monitoring could contribute to improve screening and diagnosis, and eventually aid in the phenotyping of patients, as an altered response might have direct implications on cardiovascular health

A comparative study of ECG-derived respiration in ambulatory monitoring using the single-lead ECG

Cardiorespiratory monitoring is crucial for the diagnosis and management of multiple conditions such as stress and sleep disorders. Therefore, the development of ambulatory systems providing continuous, comfortable, and inexpensive means for monitoring represents an important research topic. Several techniques have been proposed in the literature to derive respiratory information from the ECG signal. Ten methods to compute single-lead ECG-derived respiration (EDR) were compared under multiple conditions, including different recording systems, baseline wander, normal and abnormal breathing patterns, changes in breathing rate, noise, and artifacts. Respiratory rates, wave morphology, and cardiorespiratory information were derived from the ECG and compared to those extracted from a reference respiratory signal. Three datasets were considered for analysis, involving a total 59 482 one-min, single-lead ECG segments recorded from 156 subjects. The results indicate that the methods based on QRS slopes outperform the other methods. This result is particularly interesting since simplicity is crucial for the development of ECG-based ambulatory systems

Utilidad de la resonancia magnética en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda

Comparar el resultado de la resonancia magnética en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda con el patrón de oro (estudio histopatológico o seguimiento clínico del paciente) con el fin de establecer la utilidad de ésta como prueba diagnóstica y poder incluirla dentro del algoritmo de estudio de esta patología cuando hay sospecha clínica y un resultado negativo o dudoso de la ecografía abdominalTo compare the results of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis with the gold standard (histopathology or clinical follow-up of the patient) in order to establish the usefulness of it as a diagnostic test and to include it in the study algorithm of this pathology when there is clinical suspicion and a negative or equivocal abdominal ultrasound

Autonomic Dysfunction Increases Cardiovascular Risk in the Presence of Sleep Apnea

The high prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) and its direct relationship with an augmented risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have raised SAS as a primary public health problem. For this reason, extensive research aiming to understand the interaction between both conditions has been conducted. The advances in non-invasive autonomic nervous system (ANS) monitoring through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis have revealed an increased sympathetic dominance in subjects suffering from SAS when compared with controls. Similarly, HRV analysis of subjects with CVD suggests altered autonomic activity. In this work, we investigated the altered autonomic control in subjects suffering from SAS and CVD simultaneously when compared with SAS patients, as well as the possibility that ANS assessment may be useful for the early stage identification of cardiovascular risk in subjects with SAS. The analysis was performed over 199 subjects from two independent datasets during night-time, and the effects of the physiological response following an apneic episode, sleep stages, and respiration on HRV were taken into account. Results, as measured by HRV, suggest a decreased sympathetic dominance in those subjects suffering from both conditions, as well as in subjects with SAS that will develop CVDs, which was reflected in a significantly reduced sympathovagal balance (p &lt; 0.05). In this way, ANS monitoring could contribute to improve screening and diagnosis, and eventually aid in the phenotyping of patients, as an altered response might have direct implications on cardiovascular health

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamentos Caquetá, Putumayo y Meta

En esta actividad de escenarios y abordaje de contextos desde los enfoques narrativos, se tienen en cuenta cuatro pasos muy importantes, para abordar los contextos psicosociales, cuyo objetivo es lograr que las víctimas de la violencia logren superar esos episodios trágicos que tuvieron que afrontar, con el fin de adquirir conocimiento que nos sirva como profesionales en psicología para poder brindar un buen desarrollo y una atención de estas problemáticas con excelente calidad humana y profesional. En el primer paso se analiza el relato de la señora Ana Ligia, una víctima del desplazamiento de una guerra colombiana el cual nos permite conocer en qué contexto se desarrollaron los episodios, problemáticas psicosociales de violencia y desplazamiento forzado que tuvo que enfrentar, los cuales afectan las interrelaciones del ser humano en este contexto. El segundo paso, permite plantear una serie de preguntas que nos permiten explorar de una forma estratégica en el contexto que se desarrolló el caso, permitiendo observar detalladamente las posibles acciones que puedan restablecer la problemática del caso. En el tercer paso se abordó el caso de peñas coloradas, donde se establece detalladamente el abordaje psicosocial desde el punto de vista de la vivencia de los pobladores de esta comunidad con acciones encaminadas a conservar la estabilidad e integridad física y emocional de los habitantes.In this activity of scenarios and approach to contexts from narrative approaches, four very important steps are taken into account, to address psychosocial contexts, whose objective is to ensure that victims of violence manage to overcome those tragic episodes that they had to face, in the different cases presented in this last stage, the above is in order to acquire knowledge that will serve us as professionals in psychology to be able to provide a good development and care of these problems with excellent human and professional quality. As a first case, the case of Mrs. Ana Ligia 4 is analyzed, as a victim of a war that allows us to know in what context the episodes, psychosocial problems of violence and forced displacement that she had to face took place, which affect the interrelationships of being human in this context. The second step allows us to pose a series of questions that allow us to strategically explore the context in which the case was developed, allowing us to observe in detail the possible actions that may restore the problem of the case. The third step addressed the case of “Peñas Coloradas”, where the psychosocial approach is established in detail from the point of view of the experience of the residents of the community of peñas coloradas that are aimed at preserving the integrity and physical and emotional stability of the inhabitants

Implementación y configuración de Nethserver

En este artículo se encontrará la puesta en marcha de un servidor GNU/Linux, usando la distribución Nethserver en su versión 7.9.2009. Iniciaremos con un paso a paso de la instalación del servidor haciendo uso de una máquina virtual. Paso seguido se Implementarán y se evidenciará el funcionamiento de los siguientes servicios: DHCP Server, DNS Server y controlador de dominio. Con el fin de dar seguridad a la red y controlar el acceso a internet, continuamos con la configuración de un proxy, filtrando las salidas a través del puerto 3128.In this article you will find the implementation of a GNU/Linux server, using the Nethserver distribution in its version 7.9.2009. We will start with a step-by-step installation of the server using a virtual machine. The following step will be implemented and the operation of the following services will be demonstrated: DHCP server, DNS server and domain controller. In order to provide security to the network and control access to the Internet, we continue with the configuration of a proxy, filtering the outputs through port 3128